Shoulders:
Overhead press
Lateral raises
Front raises
Bent over raises
Upright rows
Arms:
Curls
Reverse curls
Overhead triceps extensions
Triceps kickbacks
Legs:
Dumbbell squats
Lunges
Stiff leg deadlifts
Standing calf raise
Back:
Bent over rows
Chest:
Bench press from ground, as mentioned, or make a platform with phonebooks and blanket to increase the range of motion.
Dumbbell flyes using the same method.
Or just do push ups for your chest + close grip push ups.
There are many bodyweight exercises you can do without the dumbbells, so don't forget these too.
Good Luck